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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">detinf</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ДЕТСКИЕ ИНФЕКЦИИ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CHILDREN INFECTIONS</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-8107</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8139</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Association of Pediatricians and Infection Disease doctors</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22627/2072-8107-2025-24-1-37-42</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">detinf-1031</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пути заражения ВПЧ у девочек разного возраста</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mechanisms of HPV transmission among girls of different ages</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0254-690X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Караченцова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karachentsova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Караченцова Ирина Васильевна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии им. академика Г.М. Савельевой ИМД ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России, главный внештатный специалист гинеколог детского и юношеского возраста г. Москвы</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">5053104@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4540-6341</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сибирская</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sibirskaya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сибирская Елена Викторовна, д.м.н., профессор кафедры акушерства, гинекологии и репродуктивной медицины ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России; профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии им. академика Г.М. Савельевой ИМД ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России; заведующая отделением гинекологии РДКБ ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России; главный внештатный специалист гинеколог детского и юношеского возраста ФМБА России</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elsibirskaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9747-2345</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Денисовец</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Denisovets</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Денисовец Вероника Михайловна, студент</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">denisovetss@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6450-3905</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернышева</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernysheva</surname><given-names>M. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чернышева Мария Юрьевна, ординатор</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mariiachernysheva21@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3817-0322</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нурматова</surname><given-names>А. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nurmatova</surname><given-names>A. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нурматова Азиза Фарходжоновна, студент</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nurmatova1707@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им Н.И. Пирогова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им Н.И. Пирогова; ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины»; Обособленное структурное подразделение Российская детская клиническая больница федерального государственного автономного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России; ФМБА России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Russian University of Medicine, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Russian Children's Clinical Hospital of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>42</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Караченцова И.В., Сибирская Е.В., Денисовец В.М., Чернышева М.Ю., Нурматова А.Ф., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Караченцова И.В., Сибирская Е.В., Денисовец В.М., Чернышева М.Ю., Нурматова А.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karachentsova I.V., Sibirskaya E.V., Denisovets V.M., Chernysheva M.Y., Nurmatova A.F.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://detinf.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1031">https://detinf.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1031</self-uri><abstract><p>Вирус папилломы человека (ВПЧ) представляет собой вирус с двухцепочечной кольцевой ДНК, поражающий эпителий кожных покровов и слизистых оболочек. ВПЧ принадлежит семейству Papillomaviridae. Некоторые типы ВПЧ, особенно высокого онкогенного риска, могут приводить к развитию рака шейки матки, рака влагалища и вульвы у женщин, рака анального канала, а также орофарингеального рака как у женщин, так и мужчин. ВПЧ низкого онкогенного риска, в свою очередь, могут вызывать аногенитальные кондиломы, либо в детском возрасте приводят к развитию такого заболевания как ювенильный рецидивирующий респираторный папилломатоз. ПВИ является самой распространённой в мире инфекцией, передаваемой половым путём. Но существуют и другие, не менее значимые пути передачи: вертикальный (от матери к ребенку), горизонтальный, включающий в себя инфицирование через инокулированные предметы и поверхности (фомиты), гетероинокуляцию и аутоинокуляцию (путь самозаражения — передача вируса из одного участка тела в другой). </p><p>В данном литературном обзоре рассмотрены данные фундаментальных исследований и клинических исследований, которые показывают, что ВПЧ может выживать далеко за пределами своего хозяина и потенциально может передаваться не только половым путем.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Human papillomavirus infection is an infectious disease caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). Some types of HPV, especially high oncogenic risk types, can lead to cervical cancer, vaginal and vulvar cancer, anal cancer, and oropharyngeal cancer. HPV of low oncogenic risk, in turn, can cause anogenital warts or juvenile recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in childhood. Human papillomavirus infection is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the world. However, there are other important ways of transmission: vertical (from mother to child), horizontal, including infection through inoculated objects and surfaces (fomites), heteroinoculation and autoinoculation (self-infection is the way of virus transmission from one part of the body to another).</p><p>In this literature review we analysed data from basic research and clinical studies that show that HPV can survive far beyond its host and potentially can be transmitted not only in sexual contact.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>папилломавирусная инфекция</kwd><kwd>вирус папилломы человека</kwd><kwd>вертикальный путь передачи</kwd><kwd>горизонтальный путь передачи</kwd><kwd>гетероинокуляция</kwd><kwd>аутоинокуляция</kwd><kwd>передача через фомиты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>human papillomavirus infection</kwd><kwd>human papillomavirus</kwd><kwd>nonsexual transmission</kwd><kwd>vertical transmission</kwd><kwd>horizontal transmission</kwd><kwd>heteroinoculation</kwd><kwd>autoinoculation</kwd><kwd>fomite transmission</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Derkay CS, Bluher AE: Update on recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. 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