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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">detinf</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ДЕТСКИЕ ИНФЕКЦИИ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CHILDREN INFECTIONS</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-8107</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8139</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Association of Pediatricians and Infection Disease doctors</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22627/2072-8107-2025-24-2-29-33</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">detinf-1065</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лимфаденит у детей и подростков: есть ли повод для онкологической настороженности?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lymphadenitis in children and adolescents: cause for oncologic suspicion?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4465-7250</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергиенко</surname><given-names>Г. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergienko</surname><given-names>G. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергиенко Григорий Михайлович, врач − педиатр, детский онколог</p><p>г. Новокузнецк</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novokuznetsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gm.sergienko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котович</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotovich</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Котович Марина Михайловна, д.м.н., профессор кафедры педиатрии и неонатологии Новокузнецкого государственного института усовершенствования врачей — филиала ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО Минздрава России, kotovichmm@yandex.ru; https://orcid.org: 0000-0003-1995-6427 </p><p>г. Новокузнецк</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novokuznetsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Кузбасская детская клиническая больница им. проф. Ю.Е. Малаховского<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Kuzbass Children's Clinical Hospital named after Prof. Y.E. Malakhovsky<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Кузбасская детская клиническая больница им. проф. Ю.Е. Малаховского; Новокузнецкий государственный институт усовершенствования врачей — филиал ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Kuzbass Children's Clinical Hospital named after Prof. Y.E. Malakhovsky; Novokuznetsk State Institute for Advanced Training of Physicians — branch of FGBOU DPO RMANPO of the Ministry of Health of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сергиенко Г.М., Котович М.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сергиенко Г.М., Котович М.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sergienko G.M., Kotovich M.M.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://detinf.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1065">https://detinf.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1065</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: провести анализ причин и клинического течения лимфаденитов у детей и подростков для своевременного выявления случаев злокачественной лимфаденопатии (ЛАП).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: В период с января 2019 по декабрь 2023 года проведено клиническое обсервационное исследование 268 пациентов с диагнозом лимфаденит.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: Лимфадениты являются наиболее частой (56,5%) формой лимфаденопатии неуточненной причины на момент первого осмотра врача. Структуру составили: инфекционные заболевания, в том числе туберкулезные поражения (30,6%), герпесвирусные инфекции (5,6%), болезнь кошачьей царапины (1,9%), а также урогенитальные (1,9%), стоматологические и ЛОР-патологии (1,9%). На долю лимфаденитов неуточненной этиологии приходится 56,0% случаев, при которых симптомы регрессируют на фоне эмпирической терапии. Изолированные туберкулезные поражения периферических лимфатических узлов (л/у) оказались редки (1,1%). Медиана возраста составила 8,0 (5;12) лет, чаще ЛАП выявлялась у детей 4—11 лет, соотношение мальчиков:девочек составило 1:1,4. Время от появления симптомов до обращения составляет 5 дней. Чаще всего поражаются шейные и паховые лимфоузлы (48,3%), плотные или плотно-эластичные (89,1%) и болезненные (87,3%), медиана размера лимфоузлов составила 2,0 (1,3; 3,0) сантиметра. По данным УЗИ л/у наиболее часто отмечался пониженной эхогенности (88,9%), неоднородной эхоструктуры (71,9%), с усиленным или нормальным кровотоком (100,0%), наличием сохранной капсулы л/у. Антибактериальная терапия назначалась большинству пациентов (83,3%). У 27 пациентов (17,4% от пациентов, получавших антибактериальную терапию), получавших неоднократные курсы, не наблюдалось улучшений. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to analyze the causes and clinical course of lymphadenitis in children and adolescents for timely detection of cases of malignant lymphadenopathy.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods: A clinical observational study of 268 patients diagnosed with lymphadenitis was conducted between January 2019 and December 2023.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: Lymphadenitis was the most frequent (56.5%) form of lymphadenopathy of unspecified cause at the time of the first medical examination. The structure was composed of: infectious diseases, including tuberculosis lesions (30.6%), herpesviral infections (5.6%), cat scratch disease (1.9%), urogenital (1.9%), dental and otorhinolangiologic pathologies (1.9%). Lymphadenitis of unspecified etiology accounted for 56.0% of cases in which symptoms regressed on empirical therapy. Isolated tuberculous lesions of peripheral lymph nodes were rare (1.1%). The median age was 8.0 (5;12) years, lymphadenopathy was detected more often in children 4—11 years old, the ratio of boys:girls was 1:1.4. The time from symptom onset to treatment was 5 days. Cervical and inguinal lymph nodes were most often affected (48.3%), dense or dense-elastic (89.1%) and painful (87.3%), the median size of lymph nodes was 2.0 (1.3; 3.0) centimeters. According to the ultrasound data, the lymph nodes was most often marked by decreased echogenicity (88,9%), heterogeneous echo structure (71,9%), with increased or normal blood flow (100,0%), presence of preserved lymph nodes capsule. Antibacterial therapy was administered to the majority of patients (83.3%). No improvement was observed in 27 patients (17.4% of patients receiving antibiotic therapy) who received repeated courses. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лимфадениты</kwd><kwd>лимфаденопатия</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>туберкулез</kwd><kwd>лимфомы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lymphadenitis</kwd><kwd>lymphadenopathy</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>lymphoma</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pasternack M.S. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier, Inc; 2020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pasternack M.S. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. 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