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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">detinf</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ДЕТСКИЕ ИНФЕКЦИИ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CHILDREN INFECTIONS</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-8107</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8139</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Association of Pediatricians and Infection Disease doctors</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22627/2072-8107-2021-20-3-11-17</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">detinf-614</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Динамика частоты встречамости уропатогенов и антимикробных детерминант резистентности при детской значимой бактериурии в 2017 и 2019 годах: моноцентровое исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prevalence dynamics of uropatogens and antimicrobial resistance determinants in children's significant bacteriuria in 2017 and 2019: a monocenter study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4556-7513</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шедько</surname><given-names>Е. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shedko</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шедько Елизавета Дмитриевна - младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной диагностики и эпидемиологии инфекций органов репродукции.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizaveta Shedko.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shedko@cmd.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3896-2590</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лазарева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lazareva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лазарева Анна Валерьевна - заведующая лабораторией микробиологии.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna Lazareva.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lazarevaav@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4038-1472</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зоркин</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zorkin</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зоркин Сергей Николаевич - заведующий урологическим отделением с группами репродуктологии и трансплантации.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey Zorkin.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4234-0209</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>И. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>I. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новикова Ирина Евгеньевна - младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной микробиологии.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina Novikova.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6051-5231</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вершинина</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vershinina</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вершинина Марина Германовна - руководитель лабораторного отдела.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina Vershinina.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8727-9734</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимошина</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timoshina</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимошина Ольга Юрьевна - научный сотрудник ЛМДиЭ ИОР.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Timoshina.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0536-2874</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Головешкина</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goloveshkina</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Головешкина Елена Николаевна - заведующая лабораторией ЛМДиЭ ИОР.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Goloveshkina.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8586-7946</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фисенко</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fisenko</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фисенко Андрей Петрович – директор.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrei Fisenko.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4228-9044</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акимкин</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akimkin</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Акимкин Василий Геннадьевич - директор.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasiliy Akimkin.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akimkin@pcr.ms</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Центральный НИИ эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of The Federal Service on Customers' Rights Protection and Human Well-being Surveillance<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский Центр Здоровья Детей Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Children's Health Federal State Autonomous Institution of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шедько Е.Д., Лазарева А.В., Зоркин С.Н., Новикова И.Е., Вершинина М.Г., Тимошина О.Ю., Головешкина Е.Н., Фисенко А.П., Акимкин В.Г., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шедько Е.Д., Лазарева А.В., Зоркин С.Н., Новикова И.Е., Вершинина М.Г., Тимошина О.Ю., Головешкина Е.Н., Фисенко А.П., Акимкин В.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shedko E.D., Lazareva A.V., Zorkin S.N., Novikova I.E., Vershinina V.G., Timoshina O.Y., Goloveshkina E.N., Fisenko A.P., Akimkin V.G.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://detinf.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/614">https://detinf.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/614</self-uri><abstract><p>Инфекции мочевыводящих путей (ИМП) являются вторыми по частоте встречаемости инфекциями у детей, в то время как распространение среди уропатогенов антимикробной резистентности представляет в настоящее время высокую эпидемиологическую угрозу.</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Провести анализ видового состава и наличия генетических детерминант антибиотикорезистентности.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В ходе исследования был проведен ретроспективный анализ 215 образец средней порций мочи. Образцы были получены в течение 2017 и 2019 годов от пациентов в возрасте от 4 недель до 17 лет в ФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский Центр Здоровья Детей» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Видовая принадлежность патогенов была установлена в 93 образцах, в то время как бактериальный состав других образцов был классифицирован как «кишечная флора» (n = 17), «кокковая флора» (n = 16) или «смешанная флора» (n = 89). Наиболее распространенными видам уропатогенов при монопатогенных инфекциях в 2017 и 2019 являлась Escherichia coli (37,5% и 29,2%, соответственно). Среди инфекций, вызванных множественными патогенами, наиболее часто встречающимися этиологическими агентами являлись Pseudomonas aeruginosa и Staphylococcus spp. Среди всех исследованных образцов 31,9% содержали CTX-M-подобные гены, 5% гены VIM, 1,8% гены NDM, а также 3,0 % — OXA-48-подобные гены, а также 5,6% образцов содержали две и более генетические детерминанты, ассоциированные с резистентностью, при этом наиболее превалирующей комбинацией генов было сочетание CTX-M- и OXA-48-подобных генов. В 69 образцах с идентифицированными видами уропатогенов профиль устойчивости к противомикробным препаратам, определенный микробиологическими методами, соответствовал обнаруженным генам устойчивости.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Авторы полагают, что введение в общую клиническую практику тестирования на наличие генов, ассоциированных с антибактериальной резистентностью, предоставит не только возможность проведения эпидемиологического мониторинга за генетическими детерминантнами антибиотикоустойчивости, но также предоставит возможность подбирать корректное своевременное лечение детских бактериурий, вызванных антибиотикорезистентными инфекционными агентами.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Urinary tract infections are the second most common infections in children with spreading of antimicrobial resistance among uropathogens currently poses a high epidemiological threat.</p><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. Analysis of species prevalence and the presence of genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In the study 215 midstream urine samples were retrospectively analyzed. Samples were obtained during 2017 and 2019 from patients aged 4 weeks to 17 years at the National Medical Research Center for Children's Health Federal State Autonomous Institution of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Species of pathogen were identified in 93 samples, while the bacterial composition of other samples was classified as «intestinal flora» (n = 17), «coccus flora» (n = 16) or «mixed flora» (n = 89). The most common types of uropathogens in monopathogenic infections in 2017 and 2019 were Escherichia coli (37.5% and 29.2%, respectively). Among infections caused by multiple pathogens, the most common etiological agents were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus spp. Among all studied samples, 31.9% contained CTX-M-like genes, 5% VIM genes, 1.8% NDM genes, and 3.0% — OXA-48-like genes, and 5.6% of samples contained two and more genetic determinants associated with resistance, with the most prevalent gene combination being the combination of CTX-M- and OXA-48-like genes. In 69 samples with identified species of uropathogens, resistance profile to antimicrobial, determined by microbiological methods, correlated with detected resistance genetic determinants.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Authors suggest that introduction of testing for the presence of genes associated with antibacterial resistance to general clinical practice would not only provide an opportunity to conduct epidemiological monitoring of the genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance, but also provide an opportunity to select the correct timely treatment of childhood bacteriuria caused by antibiotic-resistant infectious agents.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>детерминанты антимикробной резистентности</kwd><kwd>инфекции мочевыводящих путей</kwd><kwd>уропатогены</kwd><kwd>детская бактериурия</kwd><kwd>гены β-лактамаз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>genetic determinants of antimicrobial resistance</kwd><kwd>urinary tract infections</kwd><kwd>uropathogens</kwd><kwd>children's bacteriuria</kwd><kwd>β-lactamase genes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Simões e Silva A.C., Oliveira E.A., Mak R.H. 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