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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">detinf</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ДЕТСКИЕ ИНФЕКЦИИ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CHILDREN INFECTIONS</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-8107</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8139</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Association of Pediatricians and Infection Disease doctors</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22627/2072-8107-2022-21-4-43-48</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">detinf-774</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В ПОМОЩЬ ПРАКТИЧЕСКОМУ ВРАЧУ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TO HELP OF PRACTICAL PEDIATRICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аутохтонный висцеральный лейшманиоз в Российской Федерации и роль полимеразной цепной реакции как альтернативного метода диагностики</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Autochthonous visceral leishmaniasis in the Russian Federation and the role of polymerase chain reaction as an alternative diagnostic method</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3412-2212</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедева</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedeva</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лебедева Татьяна Михайловна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры инфекционных болезней у детей</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lebedeva T.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Lebedevazx@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6737-4184</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чуелов</surname><given-names>С. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chuelov</surname><given-names>S. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чуелов Сергей Борисович, д.м.н., профессор кафедры инфекционных болезней у детей</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chuelov S.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chuelovsb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1058-3193</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сайфуллин</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sayfullin</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сайфуллин Мухаммад Абдулфаритович, к.м.н., доцент кафедры инфекционных болезней у детей</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sayfullin M.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr_saifullin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5914-8427</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Россина</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rossina</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россина Анна Львовна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры инфекционных болезней у детей</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rossina A.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rosann@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2699-0439</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зверева</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zvereva</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зверева Надежда Николаевна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры инфекционных болезней у детей</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zvereva N.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zvereva_nadezhda@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4142-0998</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пылаева</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pylaeva</surname><given-names>E. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пылаева Екатерина Юрьевна, ассистент кафедры инфекционных болезней у детей</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pylaeva E.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">travelmedicine@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3604-4027</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>Г. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>G. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волкова Галина Ильинична, к.м.н., заведующая инфекционно-боксированным отделением РДКБ</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Volkova G.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">infect@rdkb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2216-6197</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>Yu. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванова Юлия Николаевна, к.м.н., врач инфекционно-боксированного отделения РДКБ</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivanova Yu.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">infect@rdkb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5319-8052</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крюкова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kryukova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крюкова Любовь Викторовна, студент 5 курса педиатрического факультета</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kryukova L.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Kryukova_lubov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8989-3762</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лицев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Litsev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лицев Александр Алексеевич, студент 5 курса педиатрического факультета</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Litsev A.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">blacbaronssamedi@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5927-460X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карань</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karan</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карань Людмила Станиславовна, руководитель научной группы разработки новых методов диагностики природно-очаговых заболеваний отдела молекулярной диагностики и эпидемиологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Karan L.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karan@cmd.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФБУН ЦНИИ Эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Central Research Institute for Epidemiology<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лебедева Т.М., Чуелов С.Б., Сайфуллин М.А., Россина А.Л., Зверева Н.Н., Пылаева Е.Ю., Волкова Г.И., Иванова Ю.Н., Крюкова Л.В., Лицев А.А., Карань Л.С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лебедева Т.М., Чуелов С.Б., Сайфуллин М.А., Россина А.Л., Зверева Н.Н., Пылаева Е.Ю., Волкова Г.И., Иванова Ю.Н., Крюкова Л.В., Лицев А.А., Карань Л.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lebedeva T.M., Chuelov S.B., Sayfullin М.А., Rossina A.L., Zvereva N.N., Pylaeva E.Y., Volkova G.I., Ivanova Y.N., Kryukova L.V., Litsev A.A., Karan L.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://detinf.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/774">https://detinf.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/774</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе обобщены данные литературы о случаях висцерального лейшманиоза у детей, зарегистрированных на территории РФ, а также представлено описание собственного клинического наблюдения аутохтонного висцерального лейшманиоза у ребенка 9 лет, в диагностике которого использован метод полимеразной цепной реакции (ПЦР). Нами наблюдался ребенок 9 лет, госпитализированный в Российскую детскую клиническую больницу. ДНК лейшманий определялась в сыворотке крови методом ПЦР с использованием набора реагентов Амплисенс-Лейшманиозы-Fl. Результаты. Установлено, что заражение наблюдавшегося нами пациента произошло на территории РФ в Крыму. Диагноз лейшманиоза подтверждался при морфологическом исследовании костного мозга и обнаружении ДНК возбудителя в сыворотке крови методом ПЦР. Заключение. На территории Российской Федерации имеются очаги аутохтонного висцерального лейшманиоза в Крыму и на Северном Кавказе. Полимеразная цепная реакция представляет собой альтернативу микроскопии пунктата костного мозга для диагностики висцерального лейшманиоза.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the work is to summarize the available literature data on cases of visceral leishmaniasis in children registered in the Russian Federation, as well as to describe our own clinical observation of autochthonous visceral leishmaniasis in a 9-year-old child, in the diagnosis of which the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was used.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: a review of domestic and foreign literature over the past 20 years, including Internet resources, was carried out. We observed a 9-year-old child hospitalized in the Russian Children's Clinical Hospital. Leishmania DNA was determined in blood serum by PCR using the Amplisens – Leishmania-Fl reagent kit.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It was established that the infection of the patient observed by us occurred on the territory of the Russian Federation in the Crimea. The diagnosis of leishmaniasis was confirmed by morphological examination of the bone marrow and the detection of pathogen DNA in the blood serum by PCR.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. On the territory of the Russian Federation there are foci of autochthonous visceral leishmaniasis in the Crimea and the North Caucasus. Polymerase chain reaction is an alternative to bone marrow aspirate microscopy for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аутохтонный</kwd><kwd>висцеральный</kwd><kwd>лейшманиоз</kwd><kwd>Россия</kwd><kwd>полимеразная цепная реакция</kwd><kwd>ДНК лейшманий</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>autochthonous</kwd><kwd>visceral</kwd><kwd>leishmaniasis</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>polymerase chain reaction</kwd><kwd>Leishmania DNA</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ВОЗ. Лейшманиоз. Информационный бюллетень 8 января 2022 г. Онлайн доступ https://www.who.int/ru/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/leishmaniasis от 1.05.2022</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">WHO. 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