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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">detinf</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ДЕТСКИЕ ИНФЕКЦИИ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CHILDREN INFECTIONS</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-8107</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8139</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Association of Pediatricians and Infection Disease doctors</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22627/2072-8107-2024-23-4-35-39</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">detinf-991</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вирусный гепатит А у детей: ложное благополучие?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Viral hepatitis A in children: a false prosperity?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7890-733X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горячева</surname><given-names>Л. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goryacheva</surname><given-names>L. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горячева Лариса Георгиевна, д.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник; профессор кафедры инфекционных заболевании у детей</p><p>Cанкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">goriacheva@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9897-110X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирзова</surname><given-names>А. У.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirzova</surname><given-names>A. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мирзова Алла Умарбиевна, клинический ординатор кафедры инфекционных заболевании у детей</p><p>Cанкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mirzovaalla476@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2544-3265</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мукомолова</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukomolova</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мукомолова Анна Львовна, научный сотрудник лаборатории вирусологии и молекулярно-биологических методов исследования </p><p>Cанкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">amukomolova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Детский научно-клинический центр инфекционных болезней федерального медико-биологического агентства ; Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Children's Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency ; St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Детский научно-клинический центр инфекционных болезней федерального медико-биологического агентства<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Children's Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горячева Л.Г., Мирзова А.У., Мукомолова А.Л., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горячева Л.Г., Мирзова А.У., Мукомолова А.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Goryacheva L.G., Mirzova A.U., Mukomolova A.L.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://detinf.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/991">https://detinf.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/991</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье приводятся актуальные данные по состоянию проблемы гепатита А (ГА) у детей в Российской Федерации, описываются клинико-эпидемиологические особенности редких случаев тяжелого течения заболевания и патогенетические механизмы поражения печени при ГА, опосредованные клеточными иммунными реакциями. Цель. Выявить клинико-эпидемиологические особенности современного течения ГА и его исходов у детей Санкт-Петербурга в период 2018—2023 г. Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 89 детей с диагнозом ГА, находящихся на лечении в ФГБУ ДНКЦИБ России в 2018—2023 г. Представлен анализ особенностей течения заболевания у данной группы больных с использованием клинико-анамнестических, эпидемиологических, биохимических, вирусологических и инструментальных данных. Результаты. Анализ источников инфицирования показал высокую частоту заражения ГА в семейных очагах (44,9 ± 0,8%) и существенно реже в ДДУ и школе (7,9 ± 1,0%). Остается высокой частота заболеваемости детей с неустановленными источниками инфицирования (47,2 ± 0,7%). Треть всех случаев заболевания явились завозными из южных регионов. Большинство детей, госпитализированных в стационар, переносили желтушный ГА (64,0 ± 0,6%), средней степени тяжести (79,8 ± 0,5%). Тяжелая степень тяжести ГА регистрировалась у 6 больных (6,7 ± 1,0%). В ходе исследования у 17 (19,1 ± 0,9%) пациентов было установлено затяжное, осложненное течение болезни, включая асцит и апластическую анемию (12,6 ± 2,2%). Выпот в брюшной полости выявился у 4 больных с тяжелой степенью тяжести и у 5 больных со средней степенью тяжести ГА. Выводы. В настоящее время отмечается тенденция к росту заболеваемости ГА в Российской Федерации и Санкт-Петербурге, особенно среди школьников (56,2%). Наблюдается достаточно высокая частота тяжелых (6,7%) и осложненных форм (19,1%) заболевания. Обращает на себя внимание рост случаев асцита и апластической анемии при ГА.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents current data on the state of the issue of Hepatitis A (HA) in children in the Russian Federation and describes clinical and epidemiologic features of rare cases of severe course of the disease, as well as pathogenetic mechanisms of liver damage mediated by cell immune response. Objective. To identify clinical and epidemiologic features of the modern course of HA and its outcomes in children of Saint Petersburg within the period of 2018— 2023. Materials and methods. The study included 89 children diagnosed with HA, undergoing treatment at the Children's Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases from 2018 to 2023. The analysis of disease progression in this group of patients was presented using clinical-anamnestic, epidemiologic, biochemical, virologic and instrumental data. Results. The analysis of infection sources showed a high frequency of HA infection within the family (44.9 ± 0.8%) and significantly less in childcare facilities and schools (7.9 ± 1.0%). The frequency of children with unidentified sources of infection remained high (47.2 ± 0.7%). One-third of all disease cases were imported from southern regions. Most hospitalized children had icteric HA (64.0 ± 0.6%) of moderate severity (79.8 ± 0.5%). Severe HA was observed in 6 patients (6.7 ± 1.0%). During the study, 17 patients (19.1 ± 0.9%) had a prolonged, complicated course of the disease, including ascites and aplastic anemia (12.6 ± 2.2%). Ascites was found in 4 patients with severe severity and in 5 patients with moderate severity of HA. Conclusions. Currently, there is an upward trend in the incidence of HA in the Russian Federation and Saint Petersburg, especially among schoolchildren (56.2%). A rather high frequency of severe (6.7%) and complicated forms (19.1%) of the disease is observed, and the growth of ascites and aplastic anemia cases in HA draws particular attention.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирусный гепатит А</kwd><kwd>клиника</kwd><kwd>тяжелое течение</kwd><kwd>исход</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>viral hepatitis A</kwd><kwd>clinic</kwd><kwd>severe course</kwd><kwd>outcome</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee G.Y. et al. Genotyping and Molecular Diagnosis of Hepatitis A Virus in Human Clinical Samples Using Multiplex PCR-Based Next-Generation Sequencing. Microorganisms. 2022; 10(1):100.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee G.Y. et al. 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