Experience of emergency prevention of measles in children in a specialized institution with 24-hour stay

Abstract

Measles is one of the most highly contagious airborne infections. Those who are not vaccinated or have not been ill after contact become ill in almost 100% of cases. 
Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of emergency measles prevention in children in a specialized institution with round-the-clock stay. 
Materials and methods: a retrospective analysis of a measles outbreak in a specialized psychoneurological children's home was conducted. 
Results: the zero patient was an unvaccinated girl aged 1 year 26 days, who had previously been treated in a hospital for COVID-19, where at the same time measles patients were being treated. She fell ill after 14 days, was re-hospitalized on the 17th day. On the same day, 171 contacts were identified, 7/5.3% of employees were revaccinated with a live measles monovalent vaccine, 10/41.7% of children over 12 months of age received a combined vaccine against measles, rubella and mumps and 14/58.3% of children under 12 months of age received normal human immunoglobulin was administered intramuscularly in 1 dose (1.5 ml). During the period of epidemiological observation, 8/33.3% of children who received emergency prophylaxis fell ill (1/10.0% — trivaccine and 7/50.0% — immunoglobulin). All suffered from typical measles of moderate severity. 
Conclusion. The development of the disease in 50.0% of cases with consistent involvement in the epidemic process after passive prophylaxis indicates insufficient effectiveness of the administration of the minimum recommended dose of immunoglobulin.