Psychological features in children with latent tuberculosis infection

Abstract

Objective: to study the psychological characteristics of children with latent tuberculosis infection (LTI) in order to develop effective options for psychological assistance in the process of preventive treatment and rehabilitation measures. 
Materials and methods. A prospective group-control study was conducted with the participation of 60 children aged 5—15 years. The main group (n = 30) consisted of children with LTI without confirmed contacts with TB patients with MBT+; the control group (n = 30) consisted of children infected with MBT without LTI. The clinical and anamnestic method and the projective techniques «House-tree-man» and «Non-existent animal» were used. The statistical analysis was performed using Pearson's χ2 criterion. 
Results. Statistically significant differences in psychological status were found in children with latent tuberculosis infection compared with the control group. In the emotional sphere, increased anxiety, emotional instability and internal tension were more often observed. In the personal sphere, low self-esteem, low level of creativity and limited imagination are noted. Difficulties in communication, a tendency to self-isolation and low openness to contacts were revealed in social adaptation. 
Conclusions. The identified features require the development of specialized psychological support programs in the process of preventive treatment and rehabilitation. A comprehensive approach to the treatment of children with LTI is needed, including both medical and psychological and pedagogical measures.