Preview

CHILDREN INFECTIONS

Advanced search

ETIOTROPIC THERAPY OF VIRAL HEPATITIS

https://doi.org/10.22627/2072-8107-2017-16-3-32-40

Abstract

Treatment of chronic viral hepatitis is not a fully resolved problem, especially in children. There are no convincing criteria for recovery. The paper presents various schemes used for etiotropic therapy of viral hepatitis at the present stage — interferons and antiviral drugs. For the treatment of hepatitis B, synthetic nucleoside and nucleotide analogues are used as an antiviral therapy, in the case of hepatitis C — ribavirin and protease and polymerase inhibitors. In children, interferon therapy remains important with the use of domestic drugs, including rectal forms of interferon administration (VIFERON®). At the same time, active research is underway to study non-interferon regimens for the treatment of chronic viral hepatitis in pediatric practice, but so far the choice of drugs for non-interferon therapy is limited to individual drugs. With hepatitis B, it is a lamivudine, prescribed from 3 years (the reception of which is accompanied by frequent development of resistance) and — tenofovir (appointed from 12 years). With hepatitis C, ribavirin can be administered from 3 years.

 

 

About the Authors

S. B. Chuelov
Russian National Research Medical University named after N. I. Pirogov
Russian Federation
professor of the Department of Infectious Diseases in Children


A. L. Rossina
Russian National Research Medical University named after N. I. Pirogov
Russian Federation


V. F. Uchaikin
Russian National Research Medical University named after N. I. Pirogov
Russian Federation


References

1. Учайкин В.Ф., Чередниченко Т.В., Смирнов А.В. Инфекционная гепатология: руководство для врачей. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2012: 627. [Uchaikin V.F., Cherednichenko T.V., Smirnov A.V. Infectious hepatology: a guide for doctors. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2012: 627p. (In Russ.)]

2. Ющук Н.Д., Климова Е.А., Знойко О.О. и др. Вирусные гепатиты. Клиника, диагностика, лечение. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2015: 304. [Yushchuk N.D., Klimova E.A., Znojko O.O., et al. Viral hepatitis. Clinic, diagnosis, treatment. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2015: 304. (In Russ.)]

3. Ющук Н. Д., Климова Е. А., Знойко О. О. и др. Протокол диагностики и лечения больных вирусными гепатитами В и С. Российский журнал Гастроэнтерологии, Гепатологии, Колопроктологии. 2010; 6:4—60. [Yushchuk N.D., Klimova E.A., Znojko O.O. et al. Protocol for diagnosis and treatment of patients with viral hepatitis B and C. Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology. 2010; 6: 4-60. (In Russ.)]

4. Рекомендации по диагностике и лечению взрослых больных гепатитом С. Рекомендации разработаны экспертной группой по вопросам вирусных гепатитов в соответствии с поручением министра здравоохранения Российской Федерации от 06 августа 2012 г. № 68. Сопредседатели: Ивашкин В.Т., Ющук Н.Д., ответственный исполнитель: Маевская М.В. Клинические перспективы гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии. 2013; 2:3—32. [Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of adult patients with hepatitis C. Recommendations were developed by the expert group on viral hepatitis in accordance with the request of the Minister of Health of the Russian Federation of August 6, 2012 No. 68. Co-chairs: Ivashkin V.T., Yushchuk N.D., responsible performer: Maevskaya M.V. Clinical Prospects of Gastroenterology, Hepatology. 2013; 2: 3-32. (In Russ.)]

5. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Journal of Hepatology. 2012; 57: 167—185.

6. EASL Recommendations on Treatment of Hepatitis C 2015. Journal of Hepatology. 2015; 63:199—236.

7. Sokal E.M., Paganelli M., Wirth S. et al. Management of chronic hepatitis B in childhood: ESPGHAN clinical practice guidelines Consensus of an expert panel on behalf of the European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. Journal of Hepatology. 2013; 59: 814—829.

8. Государственный реестр лекарственных средств РФ. http:// grls.rosminzdrav.ru/grls.aspx [State Register of Medicines of the Russian Federation. (In Russ.) http://grls.rosminzdrav.ru/grls.aspx]

9. Стандарт специализированной медицинской помощи при ост-ром гепатите С средней степени тяжести. Приложение к приказу Минздрава России от 9 ноября 2012 г. № 733н. Зарегистрировано в Минюсте РФ 22 января 2013 г. Регистрационный № 26671. [Standard of specialized medical care for acute hepatitis C of moderate severity. Appendix to the Order of the Ministry of Health of Russia of November 9, 2012 No. 733n. Registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on January 22, 2013 Registration №. 26671. (In Russ.)]

10. Стандарт специализированной медицинской помощи при хроническом вирусном гепатите С. Приложение к приказу Минздрава России от 7 ноября 2012 г. № 685н. Зарегистрировано в Минюсте РФ 23 января 2013 г. Регистрационный № 26699. [The standard of specialized medical care for chronic viral hepatitis C. Appendix to the order of the Ministry of Health of Russia of November 7, 2012 No. 685n. Registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on January 23, 2013. Registration №. 26699. (In Russ.)]

11. Стандарт специализированной медицинской помощи детям при хронических вирусных гепатитах (в дневном стационаре). Приложение к приказу Минздрава России от 20 декабря 2012 г. № 1128н. Зарегистрировано в Минюсте РФ 7 февраля 2013 г. Регистрационный № 26912. [Standard of specialized medical care for children with chronic viral hepatitis (in the day hospital). Appendix to the Order of the Ministry of Health of Russia of December 20, 2012 No. 1128n. Registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on February 7, 2013. Registration №. 26912. (In Russ.)]

12. http://hepatera.ru/

13. Bogomolov P., Alexandrov A., Voronkova N. et al. Treatment of chronic hepatitis D with the entry inhibitor myrcludex B: First results of a phase 1b/2a study. J. Hepatol. 2016; 65: 490—498.

14. Lawitz E., Mangia A., Wyles D. et al. Sofosbuvir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C infection. N. Engl. J. Med. 2013; 368:1878—1887.

15. Jensen D.M., O’Leary J.G., Pockros P. J. et al. Safety and efficacy of sofosbuvir-containing regimens for hepatitis C: real-world experience in a diverse, longitudinal observational cohort. Hepatology. 2014; 60:219A.

16. Dieterich D., Bacon B.R., Flamm S. L. et al. Evaluation of sofosbuvir and simeprevir-based regimens in the TRIO network: academic and community treatment of a realworld, heterogeneous population. Hepatology. 2014; 60: 220A.

17. Jacobson I.M. , Dore G.J., Foster G.R. et al. Simeprevir with pegylated interferon alfa 2a plus ribavirin in treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection (QUEST-1): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2014; 384:403—413.

18. Manns M., Marcellin P., Poordad F. et al. Simeprevir with pegylated interferon alfa 2a or 2b plus ribavirin in treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection (QUEST-2): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2014; 384:414—426.

19. Reddy K.R., Zeuzem S., Zoulim F. et al. Simeprevir versus telaprevir with peginterferon and ribavirin in previous null or partial responders with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection (ATTAIN): a randomised, double-blind, non-inferiority phase 3 trial. Lancet Infect. Dis. 2015; 15:27—35.

20. Bourliere M., Sulkowski M.S., Omata M. et al. An integrated safety and efficacy analysis of > 500 patients with compensated cirrhosis treated with ledipasvir/sofosbuvir with or without ribavirin. Hepatology. 2014; 60:239A.

21. Feld J.J. , Kowdley K.V. , Coakley E. et al. Treatment of HCV with ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with ribavirin. N. Engl. J. Med. 2014; 370:1594—1603.

22. Ferenci P., Bernstein D., Lalezari J. et al. ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with or without ribavirin for HCV. N. Engl. J. Med. 2014; 370:1983—1992.

23. Lawitz E., Sulkowski M.S., Ghalib R. et al. Simeprevir plus sofosbuvir, with or without ribavirin, to treat chronic infection with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 in non-responders to pegylated interferon and ribavirin and treatment-naive patients: the COSMOS randomized study. Lancet. 2014; 384:1756—1765.

24. Sulkowski M.S., Gardiner D.F., Rodriguez-Torres M. et al. Daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir for previously treated or untreated chronic HCV infection. N. Engl. J. Med. 2014; 370: 211—221.

25. Lawitz E., Mangia A., Wyles D. et al. Sofosbuvir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C infection. N. Engl. J. Med. 2014; 368: 1878—1887.

26. Lawitz E., Poordad F., Brainard D.M. et al. Sofosbuvir in combination with PegIFN and ribavirin for 12 weeks provides high SVR rates in HCV-infected genotype 2 or 3 treatmentexperienced patients with and without compensated cirrhosis: results from the LONESTAR-2 study. Hepatology. 2013; 58:1380A.

27. Zeuzem S., Dusheiko G.M., Salupere R. et al. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin in HCV genotypes 2 and 3. Gastroenterology. 2014; 370: 1993—2001.

28. Nelson D.R., Cooper J.N., Lalezari J.P. et al. Alloral 12-week treatment with daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir in patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 3 infection: ALLY-3 phase 3 study. Hepatology. 2015; 61:1127—1135.

29. Moreno C., Hezode C., Marcellin P. et al. Efficacy and safety of simeprevir with PegIFN/ribavirin in naive or experienced patients infected with chronic HCV genotype 4. J. Hepatol. 2015; 62:1047—1055.

30. Kapoor R., Kohli A., Sidharthan S. et al. All-oral treatment for genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C infection with sofosbuvir and ledipasvir: interim results from the NIAID SYNERGY trial. Hepatology. 2014; 60:321A.

31. Pol S., Reddy K.R., Baykal T. et al. Interferon-free regimens of om-bitasvir and ABT-450/r with or without ribavirin in patients with HCV genotype 4 infection: PEARL-I study results. Hepatology. 2014; 60:1129A.

32. Ohmer S., Honegger J. New Prospects for the Treatment and Prevention of Hepatitis C in Children. Curr. Opin. Pediat. 2016; 28:93—100.

33. Jhaveri R., Swamy G.K. Hepatitis C Virus in Pregnancy and Early Childhood: Current Understanding and Knowledge Deficits. J. Pediatric. Infect. Dis. Soc. 2014; 3:13—18.


Review

For citations:


Chuelov S.B., Rossina A.L., Uchaikin V.F. ETIOTROPIC THERAPY OF VIRAL HEPATITIS. CHILDREN INFECTIONS. 2017;16(3):32-40. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.22627/2072-8107-2017-16-3-32-40

Views: 9551


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.


ISSN 2072-8107 (Print)
ISSN 2618-8139 (Online)